| Descartes is often referred to as the first | | | | the soul through natural reason. |
| modern philosopher. He is credited with having | | | | Here are some excerpts from the book of |
| made important connections between geometry | | | | Descartes Meditations 1 and 2: |
| and algebra that brought about solutions to | | | | Descartes Meditation 1 - OF THE THINGS OF |
| geometrical problems by way of algebraic | | | | WHICH WE MAY DOUBT.1. SEVERAL years have |
| equations. He is also famous for having promoted | | | | now elapsed since I first became aware that I |
| a new concept regarding matter which allowed | | | | had accepted, even from my youth, many false |
| for the accounting of physical phenomena by way | | | | opinions for true, and that consequently what I |
| of mechanical explanations. | | | | afterward based on such principles was highly |
| However, what he is most famous for is a | | | | doubtful; and from that time I was convinced of |
| relatively short piece of work called the | | | | the necessity of undertaking once in my life to rid |
| Meditationes de Prima Philosophia (Meditations on | | | | myself of all the opinions I had adopted, and of |
| First Philosophy), in which he acknowledges the | | | | commencing anew the work of building from the |
| existence of God and clearly indicates the | | | | foundation, if I desired to establish a firm and |
| Distinction between Mind and Body. This was | | | | abiding superstructure in the sciences. But as this |
| published in 1641 and laid the groundwork for a | | | | enterprise appeared to me to be one of great |
| philosophical approach or explanation to the | | | | magnitude, I waited until I had attained an age so |
| possibility of sciences.Descartes could only have | | | | mature as to leave me no hope that at any |
| dreamed of the kind of popularity his meditation | | | | stage of life more advanced I should be better |
| technique enjoys in today's time and | | | | able to execute my design. On this account, I |
| date.Descartes used skepticism as a means to | | | | have delayed so long that I should henceforth |
| explain the possibility of knowledge (scientia). The | | | | consider I was doing wrong were I still to |
| reader is taken through six different levels of | | | | consume in deliberation any of the time that now |
| meditations all of which gradually motivate him or | | | | remains for action. To-day, then, since I have |
| her to discover by way of a philosophical | | | | opportunely freed my mind from all cares [and |
| investigation the possibility of knowledge. | | | | am happily disturbed by no passions], and since I |
| Descartes Meditations was dedicated to the | | | | am in the secure possession of leisure in a |
| faculty of the Sorbonne, which was the divinity | | | | peaceable retirement, I will at length apply myself |
| school of the University of Paris. Descartes was a | | | | earnestly and freely to the general overthrow of |
| devout Catholic and had no desire to offend the | | | | all my former opinions. |
| Church, although he did nurse a hope to make a | | | | This is just one of the twelve paragraphs that's in |
| contribution to its understanding. There are two | | | | Descartes Meditations 1, which is all about |
| driving issues behind Descartes Meditations: the | | | | Descartes establishing his ideas about the world in |
| first being proving the existence of God and the | | | | which he can doubt their truth. |
| second accepting and understanding immortality of | | | | |